archistory
Wednesday, 29 July 2015
Friday, 6 December 2013
Wednesday, 4 December 2013
BAUHAUS ARCHITECTURE
Bauhaus (“House of Building” or “Building School”) is the common term for
the Staatliche Bauhaus , combined crafts and the fine arts.
DURATION -1919 to 1933.
The Bauhaus school was founded by Walter
Gropius in Weimar.
Its founder was and architect, the Bauhaus did not have an
architecture department during
the first years of its existence.
The Bauhaus had a profound influence upon
subsequent developments in subjects like art,
architecture, graphic design, interior design, industrial design and
typography.
The
school existed in 3 German cities
Weimar from 1919 to 1925,
Dessau from
1925 to 1932,
Berlin from 1932 to 1933.
1930 - when
Mies
van der Rohe took over the school , he
transformed it into a private school.
The
form of the Bauhaus also reflects Van Doesburg’s influence on the pedagogy.
In
1922, Gropius changed the focus of the school from craft to
the understanding of industrial
methods of production.
The classrooms/ administration offices were built on one side of the road, while
the studios were across the street.
These
two volumes were connected by the bridge where the professors had their
offices.
The
teachers had mastered both the intellectual and technical
knowledge needed to produce artistically designed,
economical goods.
Chicago school of architecture
CHICAGO SCHOOL OF ARCHITECTURE
It refers to either the architects who were working in chicago or the buildings constructed during that time.
1871 Disastrous fire , in chicago , experienced a massive boom in new housing , warehouses n commercial buildings , this led to the development of the skyscrapers
BEGAN- 1885 (popularly)
DURATION -1875 -1910
EMPHASIS - On simplicity of design
FEATURES - Chicago Window
one of the famous element
central pane fixed - wide
either side movable sash windows - narrow
- Elevators
- Elevators
taller buildings were possible by safety elevators
Illions were first to exploit it
ARCHITECTS William Le Barron Jenny
Daniel Burnham
Louis Sullivan ......
New form of architecture practiced by them came to be known as "Commercial Style"
MSU Baroda College
Baroda College
This Building is the most ambitious project of Chisholm in Baroda & one of the finest buildings constructed in India during this period of the 19th century- both in the territory of British India or the Princely States of so called Native India, Note that the scale of this building the technological design of its dome is very sophisticated. It clearly delineates that Chisholm wanted to design a building that would become a centre-piece of the architecture of Baroda State. Note that Baroda was a City- State & its territory was a region almost 30% of present day Gujarat. It is this vast territory — which this building seems to address. Chisholm s structural engineering of the Dome is the most striking aspect of this building.
DATE- 1887
DOME - 45 mt span of the dome
-twin-dome structure where in 16 ribs created between the inner & outer
dome- become the key skeletal members
-
twin domes system also enables the natural ventilation of the dome &
details of apertures in the dome have been cleverly worked out to exit rain-
water etc.
- 6 other domes in this building in the 2 wings that define
courtyards etc.
PLINTH - 4-5
metres completely changing the urban scale in the setting.
MINIATURE BUREAU CABINET
MINIATURE
BUREAU CABINET
TYPE – Object / cabinet
STYLE – Indo euro
DISCRIPTION -Scaled down version of English Bureau Cabinet
-upper part is divided into 3 parts
-upper central part has 4 drawers
USE – For writing & storing documents & papers
MATERIALS – Ivory ,sandalwood
FEATURES INDIAN
influence
-Bracket feet
(decorated with animal
masks)
-Floral patterns
(from vizigapatam)
EUROPEAN
influence
-Pediment
(broken n optional)
-Engraving
(horizontal spaces with
rows of fantastic buildings , pavillions , fence;
vertical space in 2
tiers ,1st of trees & 2nd of buildings)
-Veneering
(ivory veneered on
sandalwood carcass)
-Decoration
(depicting pavilions &
landscapes of dutch & english engraving)
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